VIDEO: Criminal Proxies: The Hidden Hand of States | Candace Rondeaux

Candace Rondeaux, Senior Director of the Future Frontlines program at New America and a professor at Arizona State University, joins this episode of Geocriminality to explain why the Russian government relies on proxy actors like the Wagner Group. What are the interests driving the Russia-UAE alliance?

Here’s a short overview of this informative video:

Russia’s Market Access Challenges

The video explores Russia’s strategic difficulties in global markets, stemming from its actions in Ukraine and Syria. Branded as a “pariah state,” Russia faces significant restrictions in accessing traditional financial channels, particularly US dollars. This economic isolation forces the country to develop alternative methods of value transfer and economic engagement.

The Rise of Proxy Actors and Commodity Strategies

Confronted with international sanctions, Russia increasingly relies on commodities and proxy actors to maintain economic activity. These intermediaries help transform value and navigate restricted market access. The Wagner Group emerges as a prime example of this strategy, functioning as a sophisticated paramilitary organization that extends Russia’s geopolitical reach beyond traditional diplomatic and military frameworks.

Geopolitical Dynamics in Resource-Rich Regions

The narrative shifts to the post-Arab Spring landscape, particularly focusing on Libya. The collapse of the Gaddafi regime created a power vacuum that intensified competition among states for critical natural resources, especially oil and gas. This competition highlights the complex interplay of international interests and strategic resource control.

UAE-Russia Synergy: A Strategic Partnership

A critical aspect of the video explores the intricate relationship between the United Arab Emirates and Russia. This partnership is characterized by:

• Weapons transfers
• Shared investments in fossil fuel extraction
• Mutual strategic interests in regional influence

The UAE depends on Russian weaponry and expertise to maintain its regional position, exemplified by the deployment of Pantsir missile launchers during the Tripoli offensive in 2019.

The Wagner Group: More Than a Typical Mercenary Organization

Unlike traditional transnational organized crime groups, the Wagner Group demonstrates a structured, brigade-like organization. With approximately 5,000 personnel organized into assault detachments, the group maintains a clear chain of command that can be traced back to the Russian Ministry of Defense in Moscow.

Logistical Networks: The Syrian and Abu Dhabi Express

The video highlights sophisticated logistical operations like the “Syrian Express” and the emerging “Abu Dhabi Express.” These networks facilitate the transfer of goods, services, weapons, and personnel, enabling state actors to maintain influence in complex geopolitical landscapes.

Key Takeaway

The video provides an exploration of modern conflict dynamics, demonstrating how states like Russia leverage proxy actors, strategic partnerships, and alternative economic mechanisms to project power and maintain global influence.