Small Wars Journal

Book Review: Leon Panetta’s ‘Worthy Fights’ (Updated)

Tue, 10/07/2014 - 6:43pm

Book Review: Leon Panetta’s ‘Worthy Fights’ by David Ignatius, Washington Post

Maybe President Obama should have asked his Cabinet secretaries to sign book-royalty agreements when they took their oaths of office, so he could share in the spoils. Too late now: Here’s Leon Panetta, former defense secretary and CIA director, publishing the third memoir by a top foreign policy official while Obama is still in office.

Worthy Fights” is Panetta’s addition to the Cabinet bookshelf, and it’s very readable, with the frank descriptions of personalities and events that distinguish this genre at its best. There’s no point in writing a cautious memoir, after all; Panetta’s candor matches that of Robert M. Gates, his predecessor as secretary of defense, and he’s a good deal franker than former secretary of state Hillary Rodham Clinton, who is presumptively running for president and still has to be nice to people…

Read on.

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Ex-Pentagon Chief Criticizes Obama's Mideast Military Policies

Voice of America

A former U.S. intelligence and defense chief says President Barack Obama "lost his way" in setting the country's military policies in the Middle East in the past few years.

In a new book published Tuesday, Worthy Fights: A Memoir of Leadership in War and Peace, Leon Panetta faults the president as too often relying "on the logic of a law professor rather than the passion of a leader."

Panetta led the Central Intelligence Agency and then the Defense Department between 2009 and 2013.  

Panetta praised Obama for authorizing the raid that killed al-Qaida leader Osama bin Laden. But Panetta said the U.S. president made several mistakes in setting policy in Iraq and Syria, which he says contributed to the Islamic State takeover of vast swaths of land in both countries in recent months.

White House spokesman Josh Earnest said Monday that Obama is continuing to assert his leadership in the Middle East with the U.S.-led airstrikes against Islamic State militants.

Panetta's memoir has drawn the ire of the White House, with Vice President Joe Biden saying it is "inappropriate" for former officials to write books about their accounts of Washington policy disputes so soon after leaving their jobs and while presidents whom they served are still in office.

In the book, Panetta faulted Obama for not pushing former Iraqi prime minister Nouri al-Maliki to allow the United States to keep a residual force in the country when the U.S. withdrew its combat troops in 2011 after a nearly nine-year war.  

The former official also criticized Obama for rejecting his advice and that of former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton to train and arm Syrian rebels in 2012 in their fight to overthrow Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, a tactic that Obama only recently adopted.

In addition, Panetta said Obama should have attacked Syria when it crossed his self-described "red line" and used chemical weapons against opposition forces, rather than seeking congressional approval, which never materialized.

In interviews about the book, Panetta said the U.S. leader now has made "the right decisions" on U.S. strategy in the Middle East. But he says the policies should have been carried out two years ago, and that Obama should not have ruled out the use of U.S. ground troops in fighting Islamic State militants.

 

Comments

Move Forward

Tue, 10/21/2014 - 12:36pm

In reply to by Madhu (not verified)

There was a part before and after your quote that changes the context. For instance, I suspected before going to your link that Panetta was not answering due to classification. I was right, and BTW, have no idea whether the Chinese got our helicopter parts or not. But it does raise issues about UCLASS and the need for exquisite penetrating RPAs because if they go down, you give up key technology, and they can be shot down by fighters visually as well.

So if you can't risk key tech like that over enemy territory, why not just stand off with Global Hawk, Triton, and Reapers and look across the border and at coasts that way and with satellites? After all 99.9% of the time will be peacetime, not war. We retain stealth fighters and fewer (hopefully) LRS-B for penetration during war but why spend excessively upfront for a stealthy UCLASS with high costs per flight hour when you need to fly naval RPAs a lot. If you can put two or three smaller UCLASS up for the flying hour cost of one exquisite stealth one, it's kind of a no brainer because 360 degree protection is critical for naval assets.

Anyway, here is the rest of the Pakistan and other terror discussion issues that you left out in your smaller quote. This picks up after Secretary Panetta made the comment about "protecting his old hat." But note how quickly he responds with implied issues of Pakistani airspace and ground routes. Like our relationship with other countries, the relationship with Pakistan is complicated:

<blockquote>MR. SESNO: It’s not a no, though.

SECRETARY PANETTA: Well, I’m not going to comment because it does relate to classified intelligence. But –

MR. SESNO: But are you concerned about this?

SECRETARY PANETTA: -- clearly we’re –

MR. SESNO: Are you concerned?

SECRETARY PANETTA: We’re concerned with the relationships that Pakistan has. What makes this complicated is that they have relationships with the Haqqanis, and the Haqqani tribes are going across the border and attacking our forces in Afghanistan, and it’s pretty clear that there’s a relationship there. There’s a relationship with LET, and this is a group that goes into India and threatens attacks there and has conducted attacks there. In addition to that, they don’t provide visas. They – in the relationship there are bumps and grinds to try to work it through.

And yet there is no choice but to maintain a relationship with Pakistan. Why? Because we’re fighting a war there. Because we are fighting al-Qaida there and they do give us some cooperation in that effort, because they do represent an important force in that region, because they do happen to be a nuclear power that has nuclear weapons and we have to be concerned about what happens with those nuclear weapons.

So for all of those reasons, we have got to maintain a relationship with Pakistan. And it’s going to be – it is not – as I said, it is complicated. It’s going to be ups and downs. I mean, the Secretary and I have spent countless hours going to Pakistan, talking with their leaders, trying to get their cooperation.

MR. SESNO: Take us into – let me ask the two of you to take us into a conversation that you might have together in the privacy of several hundred people and cameras. (Laughter.) This war that you talk about is largely conducted with drones. Those drones are deeply resented and complicate your efforts on the diplomatic front. How do you balance that? Isn’t your best asset your worst nightmare?

SECRETARY CLINTON: No, no. Let me take you back to conversations that are not maybe so current but I think relevant. Shortly after I became Secretary of State, we were quite concerned to see the Pakistani Taliban basically taking advantage of what had been an effort by the government in Pakistan to try to create some kind of peace agreement with the Pakistani Taliban and to, in effect, say to them, look, you stay in Swat, which is one of the territories, you stay there and don’t bother us, we won’t bother you. And I was very blunt, both publicly and privately, with my Pakistani interlocutors in saying you can’t make deals with terrorists. I mean, the very people that you think you can either predict or control are, at the end of the day, neither predictable nor controllable.

And I was very pleased when the Pakistanis moved in to Swat and cleaned out a lot of what had become a kind of Pakistani Taliban stronghold. And then they began to take some troops off of their border with India to put more resources into the fight against the Pakistani Taliban.

Now, as Leon says, we have some other targets that we discuss with them – the Haqqanis, for example – and yet it’s been a relatively short period of time, two and a half years, when they have begun to reorient themselves militarily against what is, in our view, an internal threat to them. We were saying this because we think it will undermine the control that the Pakistani Government is able to exercise.

So we have conversations like this all the time, Frank, and I do think that there are certain attitudes or beliefs that the Pakistanis have which are rooted in their own experience, just like we have our own set of such convictions. But I also think that there is a debate going on inside Pakistan about the best way to deal with what is an increasing internal threat.

SECRETARY PANETTA: Let me just add to that. I mean, the reason we’re there is we’re protecting our national security. We’re defending our country. The fact was al-Qaida, which attacked this country on 9/11, the leadership of al-Qaida was there. And so we are going after those who continue to plan to attack this country. They’re terrorists. And the operations that we’ve conducted there have been very effective at undermining al-Qaida and their ability to plan those kinds of attacks.

MR. SESNO: What’s left of them?

SECRETARY PANETTA: But let me make this point. Those terrorists that are there are also a threat to Pakistani national security as well. They attack Pakistanis. They go in to Karachi, they go in to Islamabad, and conduct attacks there that kill Pakistanis. So it is in their interest – it’s in their interest – to go after these terrorists as well. They can’t just pick and choose among terrorists.

MR. SESNO: What’s left of the al-Qaida network?

SECRETARY PANETTA: The al-Qaida network has seriously been weakened. We know that. But they’re still there and we still have to keep the pressure on. Those that are suggesting somehow that this is a good time to pull back are wrong. This is a good time to keep putting the pressure on to make sure that we really do undermine their ability to conduct any kind of attacks on this country.

MR. SESNO: Will they ever be defeated, or was Donald Rumsfeld right and this is just the long war?

SECRETARY PANETTA: You know, we can go after the key leadership of al-Qaida that I think has largely led this effort, and we have seriously weakened them. We certainly took out bin Ladin, which I think seriously weakened their leadership as well, and I think there are additional leaders that we can go after. And by weakening their leadership, we will undermine al-Qaida’s ability to ultimately put together that universal jihad that they’ve always tried to put together in order to conduct attacks on this country.

So the answer to your question is that we have made serious inroads in weakening al-Qaida. There’s more to be done. There are these nodes now in Yemen, in Somalia, and other areas that we have to continue to go after. But I think we are on the path to being – seriously weakening al-Qaida as a threat to this country.

MR. SESNO: Let’s talk about Iraq for a few minutes and then we’ll take a question on that topic from the audience. We’ve seen a terrible string of attacks over the last 24 hours that have claimed, at last count, nearly 90 lives, hundreds injured, leading to grave concerns about the ability of the Iraqi Government to look after its own security. What is happening in that country now? What do you read from this wave of violence?

SECRETARY CLINTON: Well, what I see happening is that there continues to be a terrorist capacity inside Iraq. I don’t know as – at the time I left my office, no one had claimed credit, but we believe that it could very well be al-Qaida in Iraq trying to assert itself.

MR. SESNO: The Sunni extremists.

SECRETARY CLINTON: The Sunni extremists. At the same time, we know that there are Shia extremists who have been also conducting attacks, not quite to the extent of what we saw yesterday, but attacks that have killed Americans and killed Iraqis.

Now, I’m of two minds about this, Frank. I mean, I deplore the loss of life and the ability of these terrorists to continue to operate inside Iraq. I also know that until recently, the trajectory of violence had been going in the right direction, namely down. And we saw that and we were feeling that it was headed in the right direction.

The Iraqis themselves have more capacity than they did have, but they’ve got to exercise it. And we spend a lot of time pushing our friends in the Iraqi Government to make decisions, like naming a defense minister and an interior minister, so that they can be better organized to deal with what are the ongoing threats. And certainly we’re in discussions with them now because they do want to be sure that they have sufficient intelligence and surveillance and reconnaissance capacity, ISR. They want to be sure that they can defend themselves both internally and externally, and that’s a conversation that our ambassador and our commander are having in Baghdad.</blockquote>

Lest you think me excessively illiberal, I applaud Hillary Clinton for "getting it" in Iraq on ISIS before current events in her last few comments above. Same with Leon Panetta in his criticisms of current Obama policies in his book and in interviews. Shoot, even Jimmy Carter said he was screwing up.

Madhu (not verified)

Tue, 10/21/2014 - 9:57am

This joint interview by Hillary Clinton and Leon Panetta on the State Department site is very important, especially in light of some of his latest comments on Iraq and Syria and the nature of credibility, and messages and signals sent by key leaders to partners, allies and adversaries:

http://www.state.gov/secretary/20092013clinton/rm/2011/08/170611.htm

<blockquote>SECRETARY CLINTON: Well, they are partners, but they don’t always see the world the way we see the world, and they don’t always cooperate with us on what <strong>we think – and I’ll be very blunt about this – is in their interests.</strong> I mean, it’s not like we are coming to Pakistan and encouraging them to do things that will be bad for Pakistan, but they often don’t follow what our logic is as we make those cases to them. So it takes a lot of dialogue.

MR. SESNO: Secretary Panetta, let’s talk about Pakistan for a minute. I mean, there was a story that the Pakistanis, our adversary – our allies here, handed over parts of the helicopter that went down in bin Ladin’s compound or gave access to it to the Chinese. Is that true and is that what an ally does?

SECRETARY PANETTA: As the Secretary has said, it’s a – this is a very complicated relationship with Pakistan. <strong>(Laughter.)</strong>

MR. SESNO: Is that a yes? (<strong>Laughter.</strong>)

SECRETARY PANETTA: I’ve got to protect my old hat. <strong>(Laughter.)</strong> I --</blockquote>

Hubris? Check.
Know-it-all-ism? Check.
I know what's good for you even if you don't (very Hillary Clinton): Check.
Lack of self-awareness? Check.
Lack of seriousness, or projection of lack of seriousness? Check.

Too hard on them? Probably, but it's a pattern, and a deep one, with our Afghanistan campaign. We ignore the concerns of others, are sure we can change their minds, are dismissive of anyone else as an ally or adversary, play to the media at home, and give off conflicting signals. It's serious enough for war, but not serious enough to understand signals sent....

How do readers or lurkers think others view this interview or its attitudes?

Madhu (not verified)

Sun, 10/19/2014 - 11:43am

How do they do it? The long-term DC insider survivors? Whether intentional or not, the misdirection is always there , isn't it? And so the conversation continues, on drones, on torture, on COIN, etc., all very important conversations, but not the only conversations of importance.

The Army gets all the attention (well, some within asked for it quite explicitly, and so institutional fortunes rise and fall with the attention) but the CIA always gets more money, and officials keep official-ing....

<blockquote>Former CIA officials said in the rush to close the secret prisons, the U.S. was looking for ways to get rid of some of the remaining two dozen or so detainees in the agency's now-defunct interrogation and detention program. With Pakistan offering to take Ghul, U.S. officials figured they could also build some good will by giving him back, and the CIA had the ISI's pledge that he wouldn't go free.</blockquote>

http://www.nbcnews.com/id/43413019/ns/us_news-security/t/linchpin-hunt-…

Forget any one specific country and think about the CIA, its institutional habits, and what is rewarded monetarily:

<blockquote>I’m betting that as soon as we get the first account of a Haqqani network figure killed by Pakistan’s armed forces, the US will open the floodgates and Pakistan will find itself awash in counterterrorism funds. And a cute little clone of Brennan’s National Counterterrorism Center will be fully funded in Islamabad.</blockquote>

https://www.emptywheel.net/2014/02/25/is-john-brennan-shaping-pakistans…

That part of the world has always been very good for various DC institutions, military or non-military, civilian aid and military aid, retired lobbyists, and both American right and left are so busy with their own preferred narratives that anything that skips between the two is down-played. I remain fascinated by what must have happened between the Kabul side and the Islamabad side for our own western intelligence agencies. The bigger institutional fish--and the long-time connections, for better or for worse--is always on one side versus the other?

I remain a skeptic of drones, but not for the reasons most give to be skeptical, it's too close to the patterns of our support for the Mujahideen in the 80's, the play and counter play of poorly understood factors, the working at odds within the soup of various intelligence agencies, the various American factions grand-standing for and against for many personal reasons (it's good funding for lots of people, both pro and anti drone), the press for enlarging the program in order to remain relevant and funded, the neglect of the Afghan side in order to pursue the Pakistan side in "AfPak." All the same patterns, again and again.

What happened in those early years on the Kabul side and how did the CIA itself view that institutional "fish" versus the traditionally more lucrative one on the other side of the border? I always get the idea that there was tremendous frustration on the Kabul side, but my imagination is a vivid one and I don't really know what it is that I am looking for:

<em>The Art of Intelligence: Lessons from a Life in the CIA's Clandestine Service</em> By Henry A. Crumpton

http://www.amazon.com/The-Art-Intelligence-Lessons-Clandestine/dp/15942…

Perhaps I am looking for a novel way to look at the roots of insurgency and options in counterinsurgency, on the nature of building state institutions, or the emotional and intellectual support (and, well, clientelism) that comes from being attached to a particular country or capital.

Panetta had his earliest roots in the Nixon administration, and I've noticed that all former Nixon officials carry a certain reflexive attitude toward South Asia, one in which the only options to work through are almost always the same old-same old from the period, and even if there is an interest to expand those options, the patterns remain weirdly the same.

Madhu (not verified)

Wed, 10/08/2014 - 2:11pm

Oh, I'll read it because there is nothing I love more than making fun of the typical DC insider book. By the way, while we were busy with Worthy Fights since about 1990:

China Just Overtook The US As The World's Largest Economy

http://finance.yahoo.com/news/china-just-overtook-us-worlds-090801574.h…

Every time some retired-and-connected Colonel or General on American television makes fun of the American civilian because we don't understand how IMPORTANT the mideast or Europe are, I just think of these trend lines....

And the EU has what collective GDP compared to the US?

The next time some NATOist cries out for Americans to do more, just remember, they have the best intentions....

Robert C. Jones

Wed, 10/08/2014 - 10:47am

"Let he who is without sin cast the first stone."

There is no monopoly on big egos and big mistakes in Washington. Nor, apparently, the desire to cash in following government service with tell-all, blamethrower books.

I have not, nor will I, read this book. Did Citizen Panetta happen to high light his own strategic insights and successes?? I would be curious to see what those were (beyond the host of leaders grabbing claim to some part of the tactical raid to kill bin Laden).

The world is changing, and we must change how we think about the world, ourselves, and how we approach being ourselves in this changing world. We will make mistakes in the course of this transition - but the biggest mistake of all would be to simply cling to the status quo and expend our national strength and reputation seeking to prop up situations that have been bypassed by the march of history.