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"Senior leaders of Turkey, Russia, Egypt and the United Arab Emirates, along with the U.S., Italy, China and France attended Sunday’s conference. The leaders of the two main Libyan camps battling for control of the capital aren’t expected to meet with each other."

The Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights is appealing for $375.5 million to support its efforts to promote and protect human rights in dozens of countries around the world at a time of great turbulence and erosion of fundamental rights.

Representatives of more than 10 countries, including Turkey, the United States, and Russia, are expected to gather in Berlin on January 19 in an attempt to end the conflict in Libya and prevent what some fear could be another Syria-like refugee flood.

"Leaders and top officials of world powers are set to attend a conference in Germany on Sunday that aims to produce a cease-fire deal among warring parties in a nine-year conflict in Libya."

Iranian state media have given a distorted view of Western news coverage of a rare public sermon by Iran’s supreme leader, ignoring how Western outlets highlighted perceived shortcomings in his responses to domestic problems.

A spokesman for the Taliban has told a Pakistani newspaper that the militant group is hoping to reach an Afghan peace deal with U.S negotiators by the end of January.

"With few vital American interests still at stake there, the U.S. should finally set aside its grandiose ambitions for the chaotic region."

The latest issue of the National Defense University Press "Prism" is now online. Continue on for links to all the new articles.

"The House Armed Services Committee’s top Democrat and Republican joined a growing chorus of lawmakers warning Defense Secretary Mark Esper to reconsider plans to reduce military forces in Africa."

The cease-fire in Syria's Idlib apparently broke down before it even began. High Commissioner Michelle Bachelet's spokesman, Jeremy Laurence, told VOA that immediately following the supposed cease-fire declared nearly a week ago, ground-based strikes were being lobbed by both the Syrian government and rebel forces. Soon after, he said, Syria and its Russian allies resumed airstrikes, increasing the threat to civilians.

"Documents compiled by a U.S.-based Syrian rights group reveal how Islamic State militants used one of their most powerful bureaucratic bodies to regulate daily life and impose and execute penalties."

"The Army is looking to make good on its promise to align its Security Force Assistance Brigades to geographic combatant commands, the service secretary confirmed this week."

"U.S. Africa Command officials believe that al-Shabab militants from Somalia crossed the border into Kenya to conduct an attack on U.S. and Kenyan forces earlier this month in Manda Bay — with the assistance of facilitators within Kenya."

"U.S. forces have restarted military operations against the Islamic State in Iraq, The New York Times reports, 10 days after U.S. troops hit pause on the mission to focus on protecting bases from Iran."

"Washington punishes South Sudan after giving it billions, as political deadlock prolongs conflict and raises famine risk."

Khalifa Haftar was expecting the Kremlin red carpet. Instead he was cooped up in a Russian Foreign Ministry reception building hoping for an audience with Vladimir Putin. In the end, the Libyan military commander lost patience and stormed out. Hours later, he left Moscow in his Dassault Falcon corporate jet bound for the Jordanian capital, Amman.

It was in the late 1980s when Ismail Qaani -- then a local commander in Iran’s powerful Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) -- first became active in Afghanistan. It was to be the start of Qaani's decades-long involvement in Iran’s eastern neighbor, where Tehran has carved up influence by arming and offering political and economic backing mostly to the Shi'ite and Persian-speaking communities.

Days of protests against Iranian leaders over the accidental downing of a Ukrainian airliner appear to indicate public anger has been redirected away from America's targeted killing of a top Iranian general. But foreign policy analysts say it is too early to tell if this is the beginning of a broader popular movement.

"In two recent memos, the SecDef reveals his intention to change how the Pentagon uses its money, people, and time."

Statement of John F. Sopko (SIGAR): U.S. Lessons Learned in Afghanistan - Testimony Before the Committee on Foreign Affairs U.S. House of Representatives.

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan is threatening action in both Libya and Syria as rhetoric ramps up in the face of looming regional setbacks and growing frustrations with Moscow.

"The Pentagon is considering plans to reduce the number of troops it has in Africa so they can be redeployed to other missions, including a larger role in the Pacific, the military’s top officer said."

Congressional Research Service overview report on active and reserve components of SOF.

"U.S. military intelligence assessments dating back to 2010 suggest Iran’s elite paramilitary unit, the Quds Force, has track record of providing training and lethal arms to the Taliban. The list includes portable shoulder-fired air-defense systems known as MANPADS."

"Armed conflict in Colombia could heat up in 2020 and there could even be bombings in cities if dissidents from the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) follow through with plans to pressure the government into a new peace deal, an expert mediator said on Monday."