U.S. to Provide More Support to U.N. Peacekeeping Forces
Jim Garamone
DoD News Service
The United States will provide much more support to U.N. peacekeeping efforts, President Barack Obama said today at the United Nations in New York.
As the president spoke to the U.N. General Assembly, the White House released a memo he signed pledging more support to United Nations Peace Operations.
In the memo, the president said he will “strongly consider” providing military, police and civilian personnel to support or participate in U.N. peace operations.
There are caveats. The direct personnel support would happen only if the need is in a capability in which the United States has specialized expertise and only if U.S. personnel provide the potential to improve substantially the overall effectiveness of the U.N. mission. The deployment cannot adversely impact current or projected U.S. operations elsewhere.
The president would not relinquish command of any U.S. forces deployed to peacekeeping operations, the memo says, but it notes that as commander in chief, he has the authority to place U.S. forces under the operational control of a foreign commander when doing so serves U.S. national security interests.
Preventing, Containing, Resolving Armed Conflict
The increase in support to the United Nations is needed, given the critical U.S. national security interest in propping up weak states and preventing, containing, and resolving armed conflict, the memo states.
Libya, Syria and Somalia are examples of failed states, and there are dozens of fragile and conflict-affected states.
“Their numbers are now rising globally, and may continue to do so over the next decade or more,” the president said in the memo. “Left unassisted, many of these fragile states, where conflict festers and development stagnates, could become hosts of violent extremism; afford safe havens that transnational terrorists and criminals exploit; generate large flows of refugees and displaced persons that can destabilize neighboring countries and sow regional instability; create humanitarian emergencies; facilitate the spread of pandemic disease; and increase the risk of mass atrocities.”
The peacekeeping operations span the spectrum of conflict prevention, peacemaking, and peacebuilding interventions authorized by the U.N. Security Council.
United Nations peace operations have now reached all-time high levels of cost, complexity and risk. The U.N. currently manages 16 peacekeeping missions, with more than 100,000 uniformed personnel and more than 19,000 civilian staff deployed globally. The U.N. also currently has 11 field-based political missions and peace-building support offices in Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia.
Compelling Reasons
“The United States has compelling reasons to support the effective conduct of U.N. and other multilateral peace operations, but must be judicious about where we advocate their establishment since they are not the appropriate response in all instances,” the president said in his memo, noting that U.N. peace operations ordinarily are not designed and equipped to deploy into situations of active armed conflict where the main protagonists and their external backers are not yet ready to stop fighting.
The president wrote in the memo that there will be three lines of effort:
-- Building partner capacity to support U.N. peace operations;
-- Contributing U.S. diplomatic support, enabling capabilities, and personnel; and
-- Leading and supporting efforts at the U.N. for systemic reform.
The State Department, the U.S. Mission to the United Nations, the Defense Department and law enforcement agencies are assigned various responsibilities in the memo. U.S. military personnel, for example, will see more joint exercises with troop-contributing countries.